Calculating-machine.



- H. HOPKINS. CALCULATING MACHINE. APPLIOATION FILED JULY 2-, 1909.

1,089,559, Patented Mar. 10, 19M

4 SHEETS-8111112131.

FIG. y

WITNESSES mvam-oa 1 HUBER T HOPKINS H. HOPKINS. V CALCULATING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 2, 1909.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Md 6 A 100 WITNESSES INVL v TOR Patenfied MarQlO, 1914.-

H. HOPKINS. CALCULATING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 2,1909.

1,089,559. Patented Mar. 10, 19m

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

H'. HOPKINS. CALCULATING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED JULY 2,1909.

Patented Mar. 10, 19%

I 4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

"we/woe HUBEET HOPKINS WITNESSES new and useful Improvement in Calculatthe forwardtotalizers and .To save the extra operationslof depressing eration of the computin machine illustrated 4 mimr norms, or an Louis, MISSOURI,

ASSIGNOR TO MOON-HOPKINS BILLING MACHINE COMPANY, OF ST. LOUIS, MISSOUBL A CORPORATION OF MISSOURI.

cancuxswmo-mcnmn.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Mar. 10, 1914.

Application filed July 2, 1809. Serial No. 505,712.

To all whom it may concern:

' Be it known that I, HUBERT Horxms, a citizen of the United States, residing at Louis, Missouri, have invented a certain ing-Machines, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the. aecompauyingdrawings, forming part of this specification, in which- Figure 1 is a side elevational view, Showing the subtraction key and its connections in normal position. Fig. 2 is a top plan view of the result keys and their connections. Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 1, showing the parts in the position they occupy when the subtraction key is operated. Fig. 1s a. top plan view of a'modified form. Fig. 5 is a front elevational view of said modified form.

This invention relates to a new' and useful improvement in calculating machines of that type illustrated in Belgian Patent No. 202,081, dated August 21, 1907, which constructioiris also-illustrated in Umted States application filed by me Januarg 14, 190$, serially numbered 189,031 and led by me April 9, 1906,.serially1numbered 310,39.

The ob'ect of my present invention 18 to prcvide t e calculatingmachine illustrated in the aforesaid patent and applications with a subtraction key by w-hich it is possible to subtract one number from agather, and which subtraction feature is a a able function of the machine in computing bankbalances, etc.

My present-invention is designed as a very simple attachment to the calculating machine. illustrated in the aforesaid atentand applications, and consists of a ey which may be designated asthe subtraction-key, which key, when operated, throws out the tripping pawls of the carrying mechanism in p h a n pawls of the rear totalizer, oiY-yiee ,versa..-

the T or total key, and the P or product key, of my aforesaid machine the subtraction key is made to depress these keys jointly when the machine is operated to perform subtractive computations. In the op in the accompanying wings, as fully be described as follows:

composed of a number of items, they are successively set up on the keyboard, the D- items can be set up directly from the keyboard into the forward totalizer represented by the wheels 119 or directly into' the rear totalizer represented b the wheels 268. In this way, either the orward or rear totalizer may be used as a primary totalizer for the reception of various items. The registering wheels 268 are also identified with the mult-iplyin mechanism, but as the operation of multip ying is not involved in mypresent invention, I shall not refer to the same here.

To obtain atotal from the forward totalizer wheels 119, the T or total key is depressed, which causes the wheels 119 to mesh with the racks 100 before the handle 79 is pulled forward, and, consequently, in a -totail-taking operation the racks 100 with their carried printing type more forwardly to represent the total reversely rotating wheels 119 until they are arrested b the tripping pendants 121 identified with the carrying mechanism, which tripping pendants determine the zero-position of the wheels I19.

To obtain a total from the rear totalizer wheels 268,- the P or product key' is depressed, which eauses said wheels 268 to mesh with the racks 100 and when the handie 79 is pulled forward, said wheels are reversely rotated vuntil they are arrested in their zero position by pendants 121 of the carrying mechanism,

wheels '119. The total-taking operations from both front and rear totalizers is precisely the same so far as reversely rotating the accumulator wheels to their zero position where they are arrested and in which zero position the printing type are set up in the printing line to represent the total.

In the operation of subtractin 268 in a manner fully set forth in my. aforesaid Bel ian patent, but which may briefly If the stibtrahend is key depressed and thehandle pulled to introduce each item. The total of the items, or'a single number, standing in'the wheels which correspond to the pendants 121 which cooperate with g, the sub- .trahend is set up in the rear totallzer wheels set forth 'in said Belgian patent referred to, I

268, represents the subtrahend. The minuend, the numbentobesubtracted from, is set up In the usualgway 1n the whee1s.1 19, and

' lcverand is-connccted by and 5049 to anmay he composed of a series of items or a single number. In the usualway of introducing these numbrs into the machine, the minuend,' or larger number, is introduced into the forwardtotali zer, and the subtrahend, or smaller numberris introduced. into the rear totalizer. It'is, of course, possible, and in some operations necessary,f where the minucnd and subtrahend are composed of a series of items,t0 introduce said items either successively or alternately into the forward or rear totalizer, composing the minuend or subtrahcnd, depending in which column the item introduced belongs.

The subtraction key is represented by the numeral 500 and is like the other result keys of the machine, board and connected to a bell crank lever 501. To this bell-crank lever is arranged a '-rodor wire 502 connected to a lever 503.

This lever 503 has its upper end bent behind the group of bell crank levers 303, 341, 172, 227 and 326, identified with-the result keys P, D, T, R, and E respectively.

The rearward extension=of lever 503 is provided with forwardly extending projections which are located immediately behind levers 303 identified with the P-key, and 172,.

identified with the T-key. -'When the sub traction key is p the belLcrank-levers 303 and 172 are actuated the same as if the P and T-keys had been operated, and, consequently, the registcr wheels 268 and 119 are thrown into mesh with the racks 100.

Leverj 503 is inthe .forin of a bell'v cranlr arm 505 fixed on a'rod 506 on which is also fixed an am 507- connected by. link 508 to a lever 509, which lever carries a rod 510mranged under the. ends of the :restraining bars 127 identified withthe carrying "mechanism for the rear totalizer wheels 268.

a the subtraction-key is an initial movement before the'pendants 121 may be carried from a pin 507 which is The arm 507 carries a 511 so that when arranged behind an arm of the forward totalizer 'are moved forward'q out of the path of the tripping projections on the wheels 119.

When of the carrying toothed s'egments 129 identified with'the rear totalizerwheels .268 are initially tripped and operate to add 1'to every one -of 268 identified with theunits column,th is addition, resulting from the operation of the before the carrying mechanism, occurrin wheels 268 are depressed sufficiently far as to be be ond the control of the toothed segments 1-9. In other words, operating the subtraction key has the effect-of initially tripping the: carrying mechanism to actuate all of the wheels 268 to which numbers lower order, just the being arranged in the keyas showniii Fig. 2,.

units wheel as operated, arm 507 has.

the subtraction key is pressed, all

said' wheels except the wheel same as if said carrying mechapism had been operated in the usual way.

Assuming for the purpose ofillustration that. it is desired to subtract tlfljrom 952.

The suhtrahend 478 may beintroduced into the rear totalizers 268 either as a single numher oras a series of items successively in-' troduced therein. The minuend 952 may stand in the forward totalizers, having been introduced therein asa single number as a series offsmall er numbers. When are subtraction keyis dc ressed, the tripping of the carryin mechanism iden'tilfied with the tens, hun eds, etc, wheels 2625 causes said wheels to'stand thus:

in mesh-with the carrying segments 129 andsaid carrying '85" In other words,.when the wheels 268 are.

segments are operated as in carrying, by-the depression of the suhtraction key, 1 is added to each of the wheels 5268 of a wheel.

no lower order than the units wheel and consequently nothing can be carried to;the

the units wheel does'not cooperate with an actuating carrying segment 129.

The wheels at 1,111,588 will, when thesubtraction key is fully depressed, be thrownint'o mesh with engages thearm 511 the wheels 119 will have passed out of mesh with their'toothed. segments, 129, and the pendants 121 identified with. the wheels 1119 of the tripping projections on said wheels,

highendenomination than theunits' The reason why the uni-tsfwheel is not operated is due to the fact that there is of the rear totalizer standing 10o the racks'100, as will also the wheels 119. :When the pin 507 will be moved out of -the zone of influence before said wheels are finally meshedawith operation, I will regard the minuend as not beingin the wheels 1,19, and consider said wheels as standing at zero.

To simplify the further description of forwardly, re-

' Tn transferring the excessive complement I of the siibtrahend, the units wheel 268, which stood in the eighth position, will be reversely rotated a distance of' eight teeth, causing the units wheel 119, through the rack 100, to be reversely rotated eight teeth, so that the units wheel 119 will stand at 2, which is the complement of 8, plus 1. That is, the true complement of- 8 is 1, but if it is considered that the pendant 121 withwhich the zero stop and tripping projection 120, 'on wheels 1 19, cooperate, 1s a point ,,'the tooth immediately thereunder, which is the nine tooth, will pass that point as will also the eight, seven six five four three and two teeth (eight teeth in all) in a reverse direction, leaving said units wheel standing at 2 The true complement of 8 is 1, but 1 added to 1 makes 2. and '2 is the complement of 8, plus 1, z. e. 1 and 1:2. The tens wheel 268, which also stood in the eighth position, will, through its rack 100, reversely rotate the tens wheel 119 a distance of eight teeth so that it will likewise stand at 2, which is the complement of 8, plus 1.. The hundreds wheel 268 which stood at f), by its re; verse rotation through the rack 100, has reversely rotated thehundreds wheel 119 a distance offiv-teeth so thatsaid hundreds wheel 119 stands'at 5, which is the complement of 5 plus 1. The wlkels 268 in the thousands and higher denominations which sto'od at 1, have reversely rotated the corresponding wheels 119 a distance of one tooth so that said wheels stand at 9, 9 being the complement-of 1 plus 1. The wheels 119 will thus stand at 9,999,522. It will be seen that this number is an excessive complement of the subtrahend; that is, it is a larger complementby the addition of .1 to each denomination higher than the units column. As we have treated the wheels 119' as standing at zero, the minuend 952 is nowadded to the excessive complement of the suhtrahend standing in the wheels 119, and the said wheels 119 stand to represent 0,000,474, which is the correct remainder after subtracting 478 from 952.

The remainder can be retained in the machine or be transferred to any.particular totalizer in the manner describe {in my Belgian patent aforesaid. v

It is obvious that if it is desired to introduce the minuend into the rear totalizer and the subti'ahend into the forward totalizer, this could be done simply by arranging the proper mechanism to first trip the forward totalizer and then to throw the'pendants 121 of the rear totalizer out of coiiperative relation thereto. in the manner heretofore described.

In Figs. 4 and 5 I have shown means for first tripping, and then throwing the pendants 121 out of relation to the forward totalizer, as .a modification of my invention. in this modification,'no means are necessary for tripping the pendants of the rear totalizer.

I will now describe how the machine can be operated to perform the computation'of subtraction without disturbing the pendants 1210f the rear totalizer. The .minuend, I will assume, stands in the forward totalizer wheels 119, which minuend, for illustration, is'1234. The subtrahend 478 stands in the rear totalizer Wheels 268. These are the footings of debit and credit columns. The

' tained in the rear totalizer. The debit, 1234, is printed as a footingto the column accuthe balance, or remainder, the subtraction key is depressed andthis subtraction key may, coincidentally, depress'the P, or product key and the T or total keys, as heretofore described, or the said keys ma be depressed as a separate operation. however, to employ the arrangement heretofore described and depress said keys by the operation of the subtractionkey.

'500, 501, 502,503, 504, 505, 506, 507 and 507'- maybe the same as heretofore described, but the parts 508, 509 and 510 he'retofore described are omfited in this modification.

The depressicn of the subtrac 'on key first disen ages the wheels 119' fromt e segments 129, t en trips the said segments and at the same time moves the pendants 121 out of tions on the wheels 119; and finally 0 uses said pendants to mesh with the racks 100 in exactly the same manner heretoforedescribed. The wheels 268 and 119 being now handle is pulled forward, cause the wheels 119 to be reversely rotated until the wheels '268 are arrested intheir zero position. In the example under consideration, thccorrect remainder after subtracting 478 from 1234, is 756. Assuming that thewheels 11 9 stand at zero, the reverse rotation of'the units wheel a'distance of eight teeth will cause and the reverse rotation of the hundreds wheel a distance of four teeth will cause said wheel to stand at 6, so that the wheels 119 will stand to represent 0,000,632.

When the handle reaches the forward limit (if its movement and starts to move rearwardly, the beginning of said rearward movementoccasions the lifting of the frames carrying the front and rear. totalizers so that the wheels 119 and 268 are disengaged from the racks 100. When the handle is in its forward position, the cam 82 is rocked forward and the inclined face 146 thereof is in front of the pin 141 of the tappet 140 on the bar 138. The bar 138 is connected to a rod 137 carried by appropriate. rock arms,

credit, 478, is printed as a footing and remulated in the forward totalizer. To securesaid wheel to stand at. 2; the reverse rota) hon of the tens wheel a distance of seven teeth will cause saidwheel to standat 3;.

which rod 137 is arranged under the prefer,

The subtraction key and its connections Operative relation to the tripping p jecfoo in mesh with the racks 100, will, when the ifo scription that the units wheel has-not-been pieces 131 of the toothed segments 129. The vibrati0n..0f' r0d 138 causes a vertical movement of the rod 137 and effects the restoration of the tripped toothedsegments 129. Thus, when the handle starts to move rearwardl it first'raises the wheels'119 and 268 out-o .engag'ementjwith the racks 100 and into engagement with their respective toothed segments 129. The toothed seg' ments 129 identified with the rear totalizers occu 'y a normal position, while those identifie with'the carrying mechanism of the front to'talizers have been tri pod and lie in an abnormal position, so at when the wheels 119 are throwninto mesh therewith andthe bar 138-is vibrated 'to restore the toothed segments, the wheels 119 will-be rebe mentioned that such latent versely rotated a distance-of one tooth so that said. wheels-now stand to, represent 9,999,522. It will benoted in the above dereverslyrotated one tooth, but still stands at 2 because said units wheel does not have a. complementary carrying-segment 129.-

As thecam plates 82 and 109- are shifted laterally, upon the depression of the P or T- keys for several purposes, amon which may movement prevents cdoperation between the cani 82 and the pin 141 on--the'tappet'14( it is ob vious thatsome means must be provided,

when utilizing the mechanism in' the subtraction operation as above indicated, to maintain cooperative pin 141' and the'cam 82. In the machine of my Belgian patentaforesaid, one of the purposes of shifting the cam 82, as before stated, was to'prevent cooperation between the cam-82 and the pin 141 as in the taking of a total, if any of the toot ed segments 129 were'displaced'the .restoration'tliereof inthe o erates with a-- -o 'the arm 511.

mannerfi'n which I propose to utilize such restoration in'subtracting operations, wouldinterfere-with the total-taldng-operations;

' 515-'--indicate's -a lever pivot-ally mounted on thep1ate 115 and'wnoserear'end is bifurcated sons to engage the bar 138. This lever has a beveled forward end which codownward extension 511 Thus, when the subtracs tion key is depressed to trip the toothed segments 129, etc. thelever 515is operated to move" the bar 138 and its carried tappet laterally together with the lateral shifting movement of the clim late 82 so as to maintain cooperative relation between said cam in 141. Means must also be provided the arm 138-and its carried parts in relation to theplate 82 during the fullmovementof the handle-so that the pm 141 may, at the propertime, drop behind the shoulder 145 on the cam 82. This is accomplished. by means of a restraining pawl 516 pi'votally mounted under the plate 115 and provided with a shoulder which is tohod relation between thetime-that the handle reaches therearward limitof its inovement on "each stroke. A

tends to hold the shoulder of the restraining pawl to its work. A spring 519 tends. to restore thelever 515. Spring 98, which supports the vibrating plate 93', .which plat'e restores the stop pins 93, strong'cnough to support the parts which it carries. a

In the operation of the above described parts, a depression of the subtraction key shifts the cam plate 82 and with it the bar 138 and its carried parts through the medium of the lever 515. The restraining pawl 516 engages the lever and holds it in its shifted position until the handle approaches the rearward limit'of it movement, at which time the plate 93" is vibrated and said plate, striking the extension 517, will depress the restraining pawl. The spring 519 restoresv lever 515 and the bar 138 tonormal position, and said lever 515 in its home position lies above the shoulder of the restraining pawl 516 as shown. a

To return tothe operation of subtracting '478 -from 1234. I left the wheels 119 standing at 9,999,522, which represents their relative positions after the handle had started on its rearward movement and had restored the toothed segments 129 so as to reversely r'otate all of the wheels 119, except 'the units wheel, a distance of one tooth. If we now add theminuend to the wheels 119,

we will find that 'saidwheels will vthe correct remainder, as follows:

spring 518 in both 'forms of my invention I prefer excessive complement of the subtrahend which has been introduced into the wheels exhibit.

119. for the reason that by so doing the wheels of'higher denomination at the left are actuated by the carrying mec mnism by the addition of? 1 thereto, so that allof the 9s are elimrnated. and said wheels will stand at zero. as illustrated in the above example.

Having thus described my I claim is:

1. In a calculating machine. the combination of two totulizcrs. means for connecting them together, carrying mechanism coiiperinvention, what ating with one of said totalizers and means above the units wheel said means being oper- -said totalizer wheels above the units wheel,

able independently of the totalizer wheels.

2. Ina calculatmg machine, the combination of two totalizers, means for connecting said totalizers whereby a number may be transferred from one totalizer to the other, a carryin mechanism cooperating with the totalizer rom which the number is to be transferred, and means -for operating said carrying mechanism to actuate certain of the wheels of said totalizer before a number is transferred therefrom, said means being operable independently of the totalizer wheels.

3. In a calculating machine, thecombination ,of a totalizer, a carrying mechanism cooperating therewith, and means independent of the totalizer wheels for operating saidcarrying mechanism-to efiect carrying.

4. In a calculating machine, the combination of a totalizer whose wheels are provided with tripping projections, carrying mechanism which is operated by said tripping projections, and means independent of said tripping projections for operating said carrying mechanism to effect carrying.

5. In a calculating machine, the combination of a totalizer, carrying mechanism cooperating therewith, means on the totalizer wheels for operating said carrying mechanism to individually carry from one wheel to the next, and means operable independently of said totalizer wheels for operating all of said carrying devices, collectively to efi'ect carrying.

6. Inc. calculating machine, the combination of a totalizer, carrying mechanism cooperating therewith, plural means for operating sa1d-carrying mechanism individually and collectively, the individual operating means being operable by the totalizer wheels, and the collective-operating means being operable at'the will of the operator; said latter meansefiectin simultaneously carrying of all of the whee s above the units wheel.

7. In a,calculating machine, the combination of a totalizer, carrying mechanism cooperating therewith, plural means for operating said carrying mechanism to actuate one of said means being controlled by said wheels and a key operated rod for controlling the other of said means.

8. In a calculating machine, the combination of a totalizer, carrying mechanism therefor, means operating independently of the totalizer wheels for efi'ecting the operation of carrying in said carrying mechanism entirely across the totalizer, and a key 1n the keyboard for operating said means.

9. In a calculating machine, the combination "t a totalizer. carrying mechanism coopera' :ng ihcrcwith, means operating indepeu'icntly thwtalizer wheels for efi cting'the operation of carrying in said carrymg mechanism entirely across the totalizer,

and means within convenient. reach of the operator for o erating'said me'ifis.

10. In 0. ca culating machine, the combination of a totalizer, the carrying mechanism therefor, and means for first operating all of the carrying devices, simultaneously, and then rendering said carrying devices inoperative.

11. In a calculating machine, the combination of a totalizer, a carrying mechanism therefor and a key within convenient reach of-the operator for first operating all of said carrying devices, simultaneously, and then rendering all of said carrying devices inoperative.

12. Ina calculating machine, the eombination of'a totalizer whose-wheels are provided with tripping projections, carrying mechanism cooperating therewith, and means for first operating and then moving the cooperating parts of said mechanism be yond the control of said tripping projections.

and means for first operating a d then mov-- 1:3. In a calculating machine, the -combi-, nation of a totalizer whose wheels are pro-. vided with tr1pping' projectionsf carrying ing all of said cooperating parts beyond the control of said tripping projections.

14. In a calculating machine, a totalizer 100 whose wheels are provided with trippingprojectlons, carrying mechanism having parts cooperating with said tripping projections, a member in control of all of said parts, and a key or lever within convenient reach of the operator for operating said member to operate said carrying mechanism.

15. In' a calculating machine, the combination of two totalizers and their respective A carrying mechanisms, of means under control of .the operator for operating the carrying-mechanism' of one of said totalizers and simultaneously rendering inoperative the carrying mechanism of the other totalizer.

16. In a calculating machine, the combination of two totalizers with their respec tive carrying mechanisms, means under control of the operator for operating the carrying mechanism of one totalizer, renderingthe carrying mechanismof the other totalizer inoperative, and connecting said totalizers. l v

17. In a calculating machine, the combination of a subtrahend -register,'of means whereby 1 may be added in each register wheel above the units wheel, a *minuend register, and means for connecting the two registers whereby the minucnd register may be rcvcrsely rotated and the excessive c0mple ment of the subtrahend registered therein.

18. In a calculating machine, the combination of a subtrahend register, means for introducing one or'a series of numbers coinposing the subtrahend, a minuend register, means for introducing into said register one or a seriesof numbers composing the minnation of a subtrahend and a minuend register, of means for introducing and adding together various numbers in said registers to compose the subtrahend and minuend respectively, and means for obtaining an excesaive complement of the snbtrahend and subtracting it'from the minuend to obtain the correct remainder. A 1

21. In a calculating machine, the combination of a subtrahend register and a min uend register, means whereby numbers may be added together {therein 'to compose the subtrahend andminue'nd, means for adding 1 to each of the, ubtrajhend register wheels except the uni iwheel, and means forfconriectin'g said two registers together andreversely rotating them until the wheels ofjft he snbtrahend register reach zero. in'

which position the correct remainder will be contained in the mlnuend register.

22. In a calculating machine, the combination of a subtrahend and a minuend register,

carrying mechanism coiiperating therewith. means for adding numbers together in said registers to compose minuend respectively. meansfor operating; the carrying mechanism of the subtrahend register whereby 1 will. be added to each of said registen-Aivheels except the units wheel. said means rendering the carrying mechanism of the minuend re' ister inopera-: 'tive, and a power shaft of rev'cmcly rotating the connected registers until the subtrahend register wheels reach zero. in which position the correct remainder will ,be represented in the minuend register wheel.

23. In a calculatin machine, the comhina tion of two indepen ent registers either of which may be used as a primary register to add numbers, means for separately obtaining totals from said registers, and a subtraction key in control of both of said total-taking mechanisms.

24. In a calculating machine, the combinacarrying mechanisms,

registers may be a subtraction the subtrahend and l tion of two independent registers each of which is primary in character and capable of adding numbers together i-adependent keys for separatelyobtaining totals from said registers, and a subtraction key in common control of said total keys. 1

2". In a calculating machine, the combinat' n of two independent registers and their of digit=keys through which numbers are introduced into the machine to be registered in said registers, means for selectively determining the particular register in -w ich any iven number so introduced into the maciine shall be regis tered, total keys in control of said registers respectively whereby separate totals may be obtained therefrom, a subtraction key in common and means operated by said subtraction key whereby the carrying mechanism of one of said registers is operated and the carry ng mechanism of the other of said registers is rendered inoperative.

control of said total keys,

26. In a calculating machine, the combi- V nation of two registers. racks for actuating said registers, means whereby either of said made mir'nary in charactrto register-and add various numbers, and

key for simultaneously engag ingsaid registers wit tfsaid racks whereby theexcesswe complement of the subtrahend may lie-introduced into the other or niinuend register to obtain the'corrett remainder,

.27. In a calculating machine, the combination of two independent registers, means for separately obtaining totals from said registers. and means in controlof both of said total-taking mechanisms.

In a calculating machine. the .combi-- .nation of two registers, total-'t akingmechanisms in control thereof, and means in common control of said total-taking mechanisms.

29.111 a calculating machine, the combination of'two registers'and means in control thereof. for con )ling said registers together and antomatica ly adding 1, said means automatically subtracting 1 from the minuend register when said registers are actuated in subtracting operation.

30..In a calculating machine, nation of two registers and means for'coupling said registers together, said means, when said registers are operated'after being coupled together, automatically causing all the wheels of the minuend register except the units wheel to be reversely rotated one toothin excess of the position occupied by the controlling snbtrahend wheel.

31. In a calculating machine, the combination-of a register and its carrying mechanism, a' main shaft whichoperates and restores said carrying mechanism, and means f r operating said carrying mechanism while said main shaft is at rest.

32. In a calculating machine, the combithe combimain shaft is at rest, said positioned parts beingoperated' by the main shaft when in action.""

34. In a calculating machine, the combination of a minuend register containing a relatively large numbeqa subtrahend re ister containing a relatively smallnum r,

' and means whereby the carrying mechanism of the subtrahend register is operated, and said register placed in control of the minu end register in subtracting operations, so reduce the correct remainder.

35. nation of a minuend register and its carrying mechanism, a subtrahend register, and means whereby the carrying mechanism of the minuend register is rendered inoperative, and said register placed under controlof the subtrahend register. in subtracting operations.

36. In a calculating machine, the combi-' nation of two registersracks, and means for engaging said registers with said racks whereby one of and registers is placed in control of, the other for the purpose 0f introducing the complement of the subtrahend into the controlled register, less 1- in all denominations except the units denomination.

37. In a calculating machine, the-combination of two registers and their carrying mechanisms, and means for renderingthe carrying mechanism of one register mop Y erative, said means placing said register under control oftheother register and its carrying mechanism.

38. In a calculating machine, the combin'ation' of two registers and their carrying mechanisms, means for tripping the carry of any movement of itscobperating register wheels, and means for coupling said registers together whereby one of said registers andi carrying mechanism is in control of the 6th i register.

3 .In a calculating machine, the combination of two registers and their carrying mechanism, a subtractionkey, and means controlled by said subtraction key for operating the carrying mechanism of one of said registers, 0

40. In a calculating machine, the combination of two registers and their carrying mechanism, a subtraction key, and means controlled by said subtraction key for renn' a calculating machine, the combi-- dering the carrying-mechanism of one of said registers inoperative.

- 41. In a calculating machine, the combi nation of two registers andtjl'gir carrying mechanism. a subtraction key, and means controlled by said subtraction key for operating the carrying mechanism of one of said registers and coupling said registers together.

42. In a calculating machine, the combination of two registers and their carrying mechanism, a subtraction key, and means controlled by said subtracting key for coupling said registers together and rendering one of said carrying mechanisms inoperative.

43. In a calculating machine, the combination of two registers and their carrying mechanism, a subtraction key, and means controlled by saidsubtraction key for operating the carrying mechanism of one of said registers, coupling said registers together and rendering the carrying mechanism of the other register inoperative.

44. In a calculatin machine, the combination of two sets of'denomina'tional wheels, oneset of wheels being in control of the other, denominational racks, means for differentially positioning said denominational racks, a key board whereby a number set up onrsaid key board may be subtracted from a .number previously introduced into the controlled set of wheels by reversely rotating said wheels, and means for disabling-the tripping pawls of the carrying mechanism whereby said wheels may be reversely rotated past their zero position. if necessary..

45. In a calculating machine, the combination of differentially movable denominational racks, two sets of denominational wheels, one set ofwheels being designed to represent. a minuend introduced theremto through said racks, and means'whcreby said set' of wheels may'be placed under control of the other set of wheels for the purpose of subtracting :1 number from said minuend, said means disabling the zero stops, so that said wheels representing the minuend may be reversely rotated past zero. if necessary.

{6. In a calculating machine, the cnmbination of differentially movable denominational racks, a set of denominational wheels in which a number representing a minuend .may be introduced, another set of denominationalwheels for controlling said first set, of wheels, and a key or lever for placing .said last set of wheels in control of the first whereby a number may be subtracted from the minuend wheels.

47. In a calculating machine, the combination of dilierentially movable denominational racks a set of wheels under control thereof and operable to add when feted in one direction, and another set of wheels catation.

. means for permitting pable of being placed in control of the first ing the latter in subtracting operations and past their zero position in such reverse ro- 48. In a calculatin nation of =diflerential%y. movable denominational racks, a set of denominational wheels operable through the instrumentality of said racks to add when rotated in one 'direction, another set off denominational wheels, and a key or lever for placing the second set of denominational wheels in control of the first whereby said first set of wheels may be reversely rotated in the operationof subtraction.-

49L In'a calculatin machine, the combination of differentially movable denominasaid wheels to movemachine, the comb'ntional racks, aset of denominational 'wheels denominational wheels operable in one direction to. a'dd, and akey or lever for placingtheseoond set of wheels in control of the firsflwhereb when said'secondset of wheels are reverse 'yfrotated to bereturned to" zero, the first set of '-wheels will likewise be reversely rotated and the numberrepresented i-n-the second set of wheels will be subtracted from the number represented in the first set of wheels.-

In testimony whereof I hereunto aiiix my signature in the presence of two witnesses,

this 28th day of June, 1909.

- HUBERT HOPKIN -Witnesses: v

- 'L'Amiu Grinrmn'r',

= LENORE CLARK.

Fopkl 01th patent nut-be obtained to? five tents each, by addrcning'the J Commissioner of Patents.

- Washingtomh-C." i I v operable in one direction to-afi'dj another set mentioned set of wheels for reversely rotato 

